the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2851 - κόλασις
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- correction, punishment, penalty
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did not use
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κόλ-ᾰσις, εως, ἡ,
1.checking the growth of trees, esp. almond-trees, Thphr. CP 3.18.2 (pl.).
2. chastisement, correction, Hp. Praec. 5, Pl. Ap. 26a, al., Th. 1.41; opp. τιμωρία, Arist. Rh. 1369b13; of divine retribution, Matthew 25:46, al.: pl., Pl. Prt. 323e, al., Phld. Ir. p.52 W.
κόλασις, κολάσεως, ἡ (κολάζω), correction, punishment, penalty: Matthew 25:46; κόλασιν ἔχει,brings with it or has connected with it the thought of punishment, 1 John 4:18. (Ezekiel 14:3f, etc.; 2 Macc. 4:38; 4 Macc. 8:8; Wis. 11:14 Wis. 16:24, etc.; Plato, Aristotle, Diodorus 1, 77 (9); 4, 44 (3); Aelian v. h. 7, 15; others.) [SYNONYMS: κόλασις, τιμωρία: the noted definition of Aristotle, which distinguishes κόλασις from τιμωρία as that which (is disciplinary and) has reference to him who suffers, while the latter (is penal and) has reference to the satisfaction of him who inflicts, may be found in his rhet. 1, 10, 17; cf. Cope, Introduction to Aristotle, Rhet., p. 232. To much the same effect, Plato, Protag. 324 a. and following, also deff. 416. But, as in other cases, usage (especially the later) does not always recognize the distinction; see e. g. Philo de legat. ad Gaium § 1 at the end; fragment ex Eusebius prepos. evang. 8, 13 (Mang. 2:641); de vita Moys. 1:16 at the end; Plato de sera num. vind. §§ 9, 11, etc. Plutarch (ibid. § 25 under the end) uses κολάζομαι of those undergoing the penalties of the other world (cf. Justin Martyr, Apology 1, 8; Clement of Rome, 2 Cor. 6, 7 [ET]; Justin Martyr, Apology 1, 43; 2, 8; Test xii. Patr., test. Reub. 5; test. Levi 4, etc.; Martyr. Polycarp, 2, 3 [ET]; 11, 2 [ET]; Ignatius ad Rom. 5, 3 [ET]; Martyr Ignatius vat. 5 etc.). See Trench, Synonyms, § vii.; McClellan, New Testament, vol. i., margin references on Matt. as above; Bartlett, Life and Death Eternal. Note G.; C. F. Hudson, Debt and Grace, p. 188ff; Schmidt, chapter 167, 2f.]
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κόλασις , -εως , ἡ
(< κολάζω ),
[in LXX: Ezekiel 14:3-7; Ezekiel 18:30; Ezekiel 44:12, (H4383) Ezekiel 43:11, λαμβάνειν τὴν κ . (H3637 ni.); Wisdom of Solomon 11:13; Wisdom of Solomon 16:2; Wisdom of Solomon 16:24; Wisdom of Solomon 19:4, Jeremiah 18:20; Jeremiah 18:2-4 Mac.5 *;]
correction, penalty, punishment: Matthew 25:46, 1 John 4:18.†
SYN.: τιμωρία G5098, requital. Arist. distinguishes between κ . as that which, being disciplinary, has reference to the sufferer, and τ . as that which, being penal, has reference to the satisfaction of him who inflicts (v. Thayer, s.v. κ ., and cf. Tr., Syn., § vii). But in late Gk. especially, the distinction is not always maintained (v. reff. in Thayer).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For κόλασις = ";punishment,"; cf. Syll 680.13 (Rom.) καὶ πρὸς τὴν κόλασιν ἀγέτωσαν τοὺς αἰτίους οἱ [ἄρχ ]οντες. In 1 John 4:18 the idea of ";deprivation,"; a kind of poena damni (see above s.v. κολάζω), is decidedly helpful : fear checks development, and is the antithesis of τελείωσις which love works. For κόλασις, with reference to the next world as in Matthew 25:46, cf. the fragment of an uncanonical gospel P Oxy V. 840.6 οὐ γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ζωοῖς μόνοις ἀπολαμβάνουσιν οἱ κακοῦργοι τῶν ἀν (θρώπ)ων ἀλλὰ [κ ]αὶ κόλασιν ὑπομένουσιν καὶ πολ [λ ]ὴν βάσανον, ";for the evil-doers among men receive their reward not among the living only, but also await punishment and much torment"; (Edd.). In the Apoc. of Peter τόπος κολάσεως = ";hell,"; and in MGr κόλασις is used alone in the same sense.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
