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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #227 - ἀληθής
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- loving the truth, speaking the truth, truthful
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ἀληθ-ής [ᾰ], Dor. ἀλᾱθής, ές, (λήθω, = λανθάνω: ἀληθὲς τὸ μὴ λήθῃ ὑποπῖπτον EM 62.51): —
I
1. unconcealed, so true, real, opp. false, apparent: I Hom., opp. ψευδής,in phrases ἀληθέα μυθήσασθαι, εἰπεῖν, ἀγορεύειν, ἀληθὲς ἐνισπεῖν, Il. 6.382, Od. 13.254, 3.254, 247, al.; in Hdt. and Att. τὸ ἀληθές, by Trag. crasis τἀληθές, Ion. τὠληθές (Hdt. 6.68, 69), or τὰ ἀληθῆ, by crasis τἀληθῆ, etc.; ἀληθέϊ λόγῳ χρᾶσθαι Hdt. 1.14, etc.; οἱ ἀληθέϊ λόγῳ βασιλέες 1.120; ἀληθεστάτη πρόφασις Th. 1.23.
2. of persons, etc., truthful, honest (not in Hom., v. infr.), ἀ. νόος Pi. O. 2.92; κατήγορος A. Th. 439; κριτής Th. 3.56; οἶνος ἀ. ` in vino veritas ', Pl. Smp. 217e; ὁ μέσος ἀ. τις Arist. EN 1108a20.
3. of oracles, true, unerring, ἀλαθέα μαντίων θῶκον Pi. P. 11.6, cf. S. Ph. 993, E. Ion 1537; of dreams, A. Th. 710.
II of qualities or events,
1. true, real, φίλος E. Or. 424; ἀ. τὸ πραχθέν Antipho 1.6; genuine, ἀ. εἶναι δεῖ τὸ σεμνόν, οὐ κενόν Men. 596.
2. realizing itself, coming to fulfilment, ἀρά A. Th. 944.
III Adv. ἀληθῶς, Ion. -θέως,
1. truly, Simon. 5.1, Hdt. 1.11, al., A. Supp. 315, etc. actually, in reality, γένος τόδε Ζηνός ἐστιν ἀ. ib. 585; ἀ. οὐδὲν ἐξῃκασμένα Id. Ag. 1244, cf. Th. 1.22, etc.; τὴν ἀ. μουσικήν (sc. οὖσαν) Antiph. 209.6: — ὡς ἀ. in the true way, really, E. Or. 739, Pl. Phd. 63a, etc.; ἡ μὲν γὰρ ὡς ἀ. μήτηρ D. 21.149: Comp. -εστέρως Pl. R. 347e, -έστερον Antipho 3.3.4: Sup. -έστατα X. Mem. 4.8.1.
2. neut. as Adv., proparox. ἄληθες; indeed? really? ironically, S. OT 350, Ant. 758, E. Cyc. 241, Ar. Ra. 840, Av. 174.
3. τὸ ἀληθές
I truly, Ion. τὠληθές Herod. 7.70. not forgetting, careful, γυνὴ χερνῆτις ἀ. Il. 12.433, cf. Nonn. D. 24.233: — the sense honest is post- Hom. ἀληθ-ίζω, dye with genuine purple, PHolm. 18.6.
II Med. -ίζομαι, = ἀληθεύω, Hdt. 1.136, 3.72, Plu. 2.230b, Alciphr. 3.39, 59.
ἀληθής, (ές (alpha privative and λήθω, λαθεῖν (λανθάνω), τό λῆθος — cf. ἀμαθής; literally, not hidden, unconcealed) (from Homer down);
1. true: John 4:18; John 10:41; John 19:35; 1 John 2:8, 27; Acts 12:9 (an actual occurrence, opposed to ὅραμα), Philippians 4:8; μαρτυρία, John 5:31; John 8:13f, 17; John 21:24; 3 John 1:12; Titus 1:13; κρίσις, just, John 8:16 (L T Tr WH ἀληθινή); παροιμία, 2 Peter 2:22; χάρις, grace which can be trusted, 1 Peter 5:12.
2. loving the truth, speaking the truth, truthful: Matthew 22:16; Mark 12:14; John 7:18; 2 Corinthians 6:8 (opposed to πλάνος); of God, John 3:33; John 8:26; Romans 3:4 (opposed to ψεύστης).
3. equivalent to ἀληθινός, 1. John 6:55 (L T Tr WH; for Rec. ἀληθῶς), as in Wis. 41:27, where ἀληθής Θεός is contrasted with οὕς ἐδόκουν Θεούς. Cf. Riickert, Abendmahl, p. 266f. (On the distinction between this word and the next, see Trench, § viii.; Schmidt, chapter 178, 6.)
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ἀληθής , -ές
(< λήθω = λανθάνω , hence primarily, unconcealed, manifest; hence, actual, real),
[in LXX for H571, etc.;]
(a) of things, true, conforming to reality: John 4:18; John 5:31-32; John 6:55 (= ἀληθινός , q.v.) John 8:13-14; John 8:17; John 10:41; John 19:35; John 21:24, Acts 12:9, Philippians 4:8, Titus 1:13, 1 Peter 5:12, 2 Peter 2:22, 1 John 2:6, 3 John 1:12;
(b) of persons, truthful: Matthew 22:16, Mark 12:14, John 3:33; John 7:18; John 8:26, Romans 3:4, 2 Corinthians 6:8.†
SYN.: ἀληθινός G228, real, genuine, ideal, as opp. to spurious or imperfect ἀληθής G227, true to fact, as opp. to false, lying, denotes the actuality of a thing: ἀληθινός , its relation to the corresponding conception. (Cf. Tr., Syn., § viii; Cremer, 84 f., 631 Abbott, JV, 234 f.; DB, iv, 818 f.; MM, VGT, s.vv.)
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The adjective is common in formulæ : thus in the 42 documents (Ptolemaic) of the P Magd there are 17 instances, all like 116 καὶ ἐὰν ἦι ἃ γράφω ἀληθῆ , or to the same purport. So P Strass I. 41.18 (c. A.D. 250) δεῖ γὰρ τὰ ἀληθῆ λέγειν , etc. It seems always to bear the normal meaning of ";true in fact";; so ὅρκος , Wilcken Ostr 1150 (Ptol.). In P Tebt II. 2853 (A.D. 239) it is applied to ";legitimate"; children : cf. ib. 29317 (c. A.D. 187), where, with reference to an application to circumcise a boy, it is declared ἀληθῆ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἱερατικοῦ [γέ ]νους , ";that he is in truth of priestly family."; In BGU IV. 1024 vi. 17 (iv/v A.D.) οὐκ ἀληθής is applied to a person. For the adverb we need cite only P Gen I. 556 (iii/A.D.) καλοκαγαθίαν ὡς ἀληθος ἀσύνκριτον ἐπίπαν .
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
