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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #159 - αἴτιος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- that which is the cause of anything resides, causative, causing
- the author
- of a cause
- of crime or offence
- the author
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
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αἴτι-ος, α, ον,
I
1. more rarely ος, ον Ar. Pl. 547: (v. αἰτία): — culpable, responsible, ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν Il. 1.153, cf. B. 10.34, Hdt. 7.214: Comp. αἰτιώτερος Th. 4.20: Sup., τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους the most guilty, Hdt. 6.50; αἰ. τινος Id. 3.52.
2. Subst., αἴτιος, ὁ, the accused, the culprit, A. Ch. 70, etc.; οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός they who have sinned against my father, ib. 273: — c. gen. rei, οἱ αἴ. τοῦ φόνου ib. 117, cf. S. Ph. 590, Hdt. 4.200.
II
1. responsible for, c. gen. rei, Hdt. 1.1, etc.; αἴτιός τινός τινι being the cause of a thing to a person, Lys. 13.57, cf. D. 23.54, Isoc. 8.100: c. inf., αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι Hdt. 2.26; τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι Id. 3.12, etc.; αἴ. θανεῖν S. Ant. 1173; αἰ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον Antipho 5.23, cf. Lys. 13.82; αἴτιος τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl. La. 190e: Comp., τοῦ.. ἐλευθέραν εἶναι.. αἰτιώτερον D. 24.5, cf. 51.21: Sup. αἰτιώτατος, ἐν τῷ στενῷ ναυμαχῆσαι mainly instrumental in causing the sea-fight, Th. 1.74; αἰ. τοῦ μὴ ἀποθανεῖν D. 20.42; -ώτατόν τι καὶ τελέως δραστικόν Phld. D. 1.23.
2. αἴτιον, τό, cause, Hp. VM 6 (pl.), 21, Hdt. 7.125, E. IA 939, Th. 4.26, etc.; τί ποτ' οὖν ἐστι τὸ αἴτιον τό.. μηδένα εἰπεῖν; D. 8.56; freq. in Philos., τὸ δ' αἴ. τούτου εἶναι ὅτι.. Pl. Phd. 11o e, etc.
αἴτιος, , , that in which the cause of anything resides, causative, causing. Hence,
1. ὁ αἴτιος the author: σωτηρίας, Hebrews 5:9 (the same phrase is frequent in secular writings; cf. the opposite αἴτιος τῆς ἀπωλείας in Bel and the Dragon, verse
2. τό αἴτιον equivalent to ἡ αἰτία; cause: Acts 19:40 (cf. Buttmann, 400 (342) n.).
b. crime, offence: Luke 23:4, 14, 22. (αἴτιος culprit.) (See αἰτία, 3.)
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αἴτιος , α , -ον
(<αἰτία ),
[in LXX: 1 Samuel 22:22 (H5437), Da LXX Bel 1:41, TH Bel 1:42, Su 1:53, 2 Maccabees 4:47; 2 Maccabees 13:4, 4 Maccabees 1:11 *;]
1. causative of, responsible for; as subst., ὁ αἴ ., the cause, author: Hebrews 5:9; τὸ αἴ ., the cause, Acts 19:40.
2. blameworthy, culpable; as subst., ὁ αἴ ., the culprit, the accused (Lat. reus); τὸ αἴ (= αἰτιά , 3), the crime, Luke 23:4; Luke 23:14; Luke 23:22. †
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the absolute use = ";guilty,"; cf. BGU II. 651.10 (A.D. 192) and P. Flor I. 9.16 f. (A.D. 255) πρὸς τοὺς φανησομένους αἰτίους : so P Tebt II. 330.10 f. (II/A.D.) πρὸς τὸ φανέντος τινὸς αἰτ [ίο ]υ μένιν μοι τὸν λόγ [ο ]ν, ";if any one is proved to be the culprit, he may be held accountable to me"; (Edd.), ib. 333.15 (A.D. 216), etc. A more neutral sense, ";responsible,"; occurs three times in the Revenue Papyrus (B.C. 259–8), where sundry officials ";shall, each of them who is responsible (ἕκαστος τῶν αἰτίων), pay a fine to the Treasury,"; if on inspection it appears that the proper acreage has not been sown. It is used wholly in bonam partem in Hebrews 5:9, with which cf. Diodorus Siculus iv. 82 αἴτιος ἐγένετο τῆς σωτηρίας. For the dependent genitive cf. also Syll 737.80 (ii/A.D.) ὁ αἴτιος γενόμενος τῆς μάχης. The Lukan use of the neuter = ";cause,"; shading into ";crime,"; may be illustrated from P Hib I. 73.18 (B.C. 243–2) ὅπως εἰδῆις εἶναι ] αἴτιον τοῦ μὴ γενέσθαι τῶι Δω [ρίωνι ἀπόδοσιν τὴν ] Πάτρωνος βίαν, ";the reason . . . is the violence of P."; (Edd.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
