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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #509 - ἄνωθεν
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- from above, from a higher place
- of things which come from heaven or God
- from the first, from the beginning, from the very first
- anew, over again
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
did not use
this Strong's Number
ἄνωθεν and ἄνωθε (Ar. Ec. 698), Dor. ἄνωθα Tab.Heracl. 1.17: (ἄνω): —
I Adv. of Place,
1. from above, from on high, θεοὺς ἄ. γῆς ἐποπτεύειν ἄχη A. Ag. 1579; ὕδατος ἄ. γενομένου Th. 4.75; βάλλειν ἄ. Id. 7.84; from the interior of a country, Id. 1.59, X. An. 7.7.2; esp. from inner Asia, Plu. Dem. 14; from the north, Hdt. 4.105.
2. like ἄνω, above, on high, opp. κάτωθεν or κάτω, A. Ag. 871 (dub.): of the gods, Id. Supp. 597 (lyr.), Pl. Lg. 717b; of men on earth, οἱ ἄ. the living, A. Ch. 834 (lyr.), E. Hel. 1014; those on deck (in a ship), Th. 7.63; of birds of the air, S. El. 1058 (lyr.); ἡ ἄ. Φρυγία upper Phrygia, D. 23.155. rarely c. gen., ἄ. τοῦ στρατοπέδου Hdt. 1.75; τοῦ καρποῦ Hp. Art. 80; τῆς νεώς Plu. Them. 12.
II in narrative or in quiry,
1. from the beginning, from farther back, ἄ. ἄρχεσθαι, ἐπιχειρεῖν, Pl. Phlb. 44d, Lg. 781d; ἄ. ἐξετάζειν τὸ γένος D. 44.69, cf. Men. Epit. 23; in quotations, above, earlier, Sch. E. Ph. 249, etc.: οἱ ἔμπροσθεν καὶ ἄ. γονεῖς ancestors, Pl. Ti. 18d; Κορίνθιαι εἰμὲς ἄ. by descent, Theoc. 15.91, cf. 22.164, Call. Aet. 3.1.32; πονηρὸς ἄ. a born rogue, D. 45.80; ἐκ προγόνων ἄ. τετιμημένος IG 22.1072; ἄ. ἀναμάρτητον from early life, Phld. Sto.Herc. 339.17.16; ἐν τοῖς ἄ. χρόνοις D. 9.41.
2. τὰ ἄ. higher, more universal principles, Pl. Phd. 101d, cf. Arist. AP 0.97a33.
3. over again, anew, afresh, φιλίαν ἄ. ποιεῖται J. AJ 1.18.3, Artem. 1.14, cf. John 3:3; πάλιν ἄ. Galatians 4:9, cf. Harp. s.v. ἀνάδικοι κρίσεις; κτίστης ἄνωθε γενόμενος IG 7.2712.58.
ἄνωθεν (ἄνω), adverb;
a. from above, from a higher place: ἀπό ἄνωθεν (Winer's Grammar, § 50, 7 N. 1), Matthew 27:51 (Tdf. omits ἀπό); Mark 15:38; ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν from the upper part, from the top, John 19:23. Often (also in Greek writings) used of things which come from heaven, or from God as dwelling in heaven: John 3:31; John 19:11; James 1:17; James 3:15, 17.
b. from the first: Luke 1:3; then, from the beginning on, from the very first: Acts 26:5. Hence,
c. anew, over again, indicating repetition (a use somewhat rare, but wrongly denied by many (Meyer among them; cf. his commentary on John and Galatians as below)): John 3:3, 7 ἄνωθεν γεννηθῆναι, where others explain it from above, i. e. from heaven. But, according to this explanation, Nicodemus ought to have wondered how it was possible for anyone to be born from heaven; but this he did not say; (cf. Westcott, Commentary on John, p. 63). Of the repetition of physical birth, we read in Artemidorus Daldianus, oneir. 1, 13 (14), p. 18 (i., p. 26, Reiff edition) (ἀνδρί) ἔτι τῷ ἔχοντι ἐγκυον γυναῖκα σημαίνει παῖδα αὐτῷ γεννήσεσθαι ὅμοιον κατά πάντα. οὕτω γάρ ἄνωθεν αὐτός δοξειε γέννασθαι; cf. Josephus, Antiquities 1, 18, 3 φιλίαν ἄνωθεν ποιεῖσθαι, where a little before stands πρότερα φιλία; add, Martyr. Polycarp, 1, 1 [ET]; (also Socrates in Stobaeus, flor. cxxiv. 41, iv. 135, Meineke edition (iii. 438, Gaisf. edition); Harpocration, Lex., see under the words, ἀναδικάσασθαι, ἀναθέσθαι, ἀναποδιζομενα, ἀνασυνταξις; Canon. apost. 46 (others 39, Coteler. patr. apost. works, i. 444); Pseudo-Basil, de bapt. 1, 2, 7 (iii. 1537); Origen in Joann. t. xx. c. 12 (works, iv. 322 c. DelaRue). See Abbot, Authorship of the Fourth Gospel, etc. (Boston 1880), p. 34f). πάλιν ἄνωθεν, (on this combination of synonymous words cf. Kühner, § 534, 1; (Jelf, § 777, 1); Grimm on Sap. xix. 5 (6)): Galatians 4:9 (again, since ye were in bondage once before).
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ἄνωθεν , adv.
(< ἄνω ),
(a) from above: ἀπὸ ἄ ., Matthew 27:51, Mark 15:38; ἐκ τῶν ἄ ., John 19:28; meaning, from heaven: John 3:31; John 19:11, James 1:17; James 3:15; James 3:17 .
(b) from the first, from the beginning: Luke 1:3, Acts 26:5; whence
(c) anew, again: John 3:3; John 3:7, (so most, but v. Meyer, in l; cf. Field, Notes, 86 f.); πάλιν ἄ ., Galatians 4:9 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In P Petr III. 43(2)iv. 17 (B.C. 246) ἄνωθεν is found in opposition to κάτω : hiat contextus. P Hib I. 110.65 (records of postal service, c. B.C. 255) ὥρας πρώτης παρέδωκεν Θεύχρ [η ]στος ἄνοθεν Δινίαι κυ (λιστοὺς) γ ̄, ";1st hour, Theochrestus delivered to Dinias 3 rolls from the upper country"; (Edd.). Ἄνοθεν appears again twice in this document, and κάτοθεν ";from the lower country."; (This is a very early example of the approximation of ο and ω, on which see Proleg..3 pp. 244 and 35 f.). BGU IV. 1208.2 (Aug.) καταντή [σα ]ς ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν [τόπων ] . . . ἐκομισά [μη ]ν ̣ διὰ Σωτηρίχου κτλ. In P Tebt I. 59.6 ff., .10 (B.C. 99) ἣν ἔχετε πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἄνωθεν πατρικὴν φιλίαν, and διὰ τὸ ἄνωθεν φοβεῖσθαι καὶ σέβεσθαι τὸ ἱερόν, the editors translate ";or old."; P Oxy II. 237viii. 31 (A.D. 186) ὅπερ οὐ καλῶς ἐνδέχετ ̣α ̣ι ̣ εἰ μὴ ἄνωθεν γένοιτο ἀντίγραφα, ";this cannot be done adequately unless copies are made from the beginning"; (Edd.). In P Oxy IV. 718.21 (A.D. 180–92) ἔτ ̣ι ̣ δ ̣ε ̣, ἄνω ̣θ ̣[ε ]ν τῶν δημοσίων ἀποδιδομένων, the editors translate ";although the imposts have for years been paid."; But ";completely,"; ";from the beginning"; may equally be the sense of ἄνωθεν : cf. ib. 745.4 ff. (c. A.D. 1) μ [ὴ. . ]νε ̣[ . ] . η [ . . ]να ἄνωθεν γείνηται πάντα καὶ πάλιν ἑατοὺς ἀνασκευάζωμε [ν ] μὴ οὔσης χρήας, ";in order that everything may not be completely . . . and we go bankrupt again without any necessity"; (Edd.). In BGU II. 595.5 ff. (A.D. 70–80) the meaning ";again,"; ";a second time,"; seems best to suit the context. A certain Sochotes, wishing to repay a loan, did not find his creditor—τοῦ δὲ σὲ μὴι εὑρεθῆναι ἀποδέδωκε αὐτὰς ἄνωθον (for ἄνωθον) ἵνα φιλάνθρωπον εἰς δύο τόπους μὴι χορηγῆι, where Lietzmann : (Gr. Pap. p. 14) understands by φιλάνθρωπον a gratuity : ";S. has once paid it and would have to pay it again, if he went back home with the borrowed money; therefore he returns it immediately."; Other examples of the word are CPR 1.19 (i/A.D.) καθὼς ἄνωθεν εἴθιστο, P Tebt II. 298.61 (A.D. 107) ἀκολούθως τῇ ἄν [ωθ ]ε ̣ν ̣ συνηθείᾳ, BGU IV. 1074.2 (iii/A.D.) τοῖς ἄνωθεν προγόνοις, and P Oxy IX. 1204.14 (A.D. 299) δεδέηται τῆς θείας τύχης ἔτι ἄνωθεν τῶν δεσποτῶν ἡμῶν. The usage of the inscriptions follows on similar lines. Dittenberger (Syll III. p. 256) enumerates three meanings—(1) de supero 537.63 ἐπεργάσεται ὀρθὸν καὶ ὁμαλὲς ἄνωθεν, (2) antiquitus 929.81 νόμοις γὰρ ἱεροῖς. . . ἄνωθεν διεκεκώλυτο ἵνα μηθείς κτλ., (3) denuo 732.11 γενηθεὶς δ [ὲ ] καὶ παραίτιος τῆς ἄνωθεν συλλογῆς, a decree of i/B.C. referring to the revival of certain sacred practices which had ceased for some time.
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