the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2235 - ἤδη
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- now, already
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ἤδη,
Adv.:
I
1 already, by this time, νὺξ ἤ. τελέθει 'tis already night, Il. 7.282; ἤ. Τρώεσσιν ὀλέθρου πείρατ' ἐφῆπται ib. 402: with numerals, ἤ. γὰρ τρίτον ἔτος Od. 2.89; τρίτην ἤ. ἡμέραν Pl. Prt. 309d; ἔτος τόδ' ἤ. δέκατον S. Ph. 312; ἦν δ' ἦμαρ ἤ. δεύτερον ib. 354; τελοῦντες ἕκτον ἕβδομόν τ' ἤ. δρόμον Id. El. 726; ἤ. γὰρ πολὺς ἐκτέταται χρόνος Id. Aj. 1402.
2. forthwith, immediately, φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤ. Ἁργείους καὶ Τρῶας Il. 3.98; λέξον νῦν με τάχιστα, ὄφρα καὶ ἤδη.. ταρπώμεθα κοιμηθέντες Il. 24.635, cf. Od. 4.294; ἤ. νῦν.. μεγάλ' εὔχεο Il. 16.844; στείχοις ἂν ἤ. S. Tr. 624; ἤδη.. στέλλεσθε; Id. Ph. 466; μετὰ τοῦτ' ἤ. Ar. Th. 655; ἤ. ποτέ now at length, Mitteis Chr. 87.8 (ii A.D.); on the verso of a letter, urgent, immediate, PCair. Zen. 154 (iii B.C.); ἤ. ἤ. ταχὺ ταχύ PMag.Osl. 1.319.
3. opp. to the future or past, actually, now, οὐκ ὄναρ, ἀλλ' ὕπαρ ἤ. Od. 20.90; τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἤ., τοῖς δ' ἐν ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ S. OC 614; οἱ μὲν τάχ', οἱ δ' ἐσαῦθις, οἱ δ' ἤ. E. Supp. 551; οὐ τάχ', ἀλλ' ἤ. Ar. Ra. 527; ἡ ἤ. χάρις present favour, D. 23.134; τὸ ἤ. κολάζειν X. An. 7.7.24.
4. of logical proximity, ἤ. γὰρ ἂν προστίθεσθαι Pl. Tht. 201e; τὰ ἐκ τούτων ἤ. συγκείμενα ib. 202b; πᾶς ἤ. ἂν εὕροι Id. R. 398c; ἃν σὺ ὁμολογήσῃς, ταῦτ' ἤ. ἐστὶν αὐτὰ τἀληθῆ Id. Grg. 486e; τοῦτο τοὔπος δεινὸν ἤ. Ar. Ach. 315; τὰ πάντα τὰ πράγματα διαφθείραντα ταῦτ' ἐστὶν ἤ. D. 19.19. καὶ ἤ. and further, as well, ἐμέ τε καὶ σὲ καὶ τα[]λλ' ἤ. Pl. Tht. 159b, cf. S.E. P. 1.53, 219, etc. for instance, Aen. Tact. 4.1, 10.25. only then, then and not before, τότ' ἤδη A. Pr. 911, Isoc. 12.25, Ephesians 6:9; ἐνταῦθ' ἤ. Aeschin. 3.140; κακοπαθοῦντες ἤ. τῶν λόγων ἅπτονται Th. 1.78.
5. with Sup., ὦ πάντων ἀνδρῶν ἤ. μάλιστα.. κτησάμενε up to this time, Hdt. 8.106; μέγιστος ἤ. διάπλους Th. 6.31: with Comp., ἤδη.. λόγου μέζων Hdt. 2.148.
II joined with other words of time, ἤ. νῦν now already, Il. 1.456, A. Ag. 1578; νῦν ἤ. Od. 23.54, S. Ant. 801 (anap.); ἤ. ποτέ Il. 1.260, S. Aj. 1142, Ar. Nu. 346; ποτ' ἤ. A. Eu. 50; ἤ. πώποτε Eup. 214, Pl. R. 493d; πάλαι ἤ. S. OC 510 (lyr.); ἤ. τότε even then, Pl. R. 417b; ἐπεὶ ἤ. Od. 4.260; εἰ ἤ. Il. 22.52; τὸ τηνίκ' ἤ. S. OC 440; τὸ λοιπὸν ἤ. Id. Ph. 454; ἄλλοτε ἤ. πολλάκις Pl. R. 507a; ἤ. γε even now, D. 19.52.
III of place, ἀπὸ ταύτης ἤ. Αἴγυπτος after this Egypt begins, Hdt. 3.5, cf. 2.15, 4.99, E. Hipp. 1200; Φωκεῦσιν ἤ. ὅμορος ἡ Βοιωτία ἐστίν Th. 3.95. (In general, cf. Arist. Ph. 222b7.)
ἤδη, adverb (from Homer down; on the derivation see Vanicek, p. 745; Peile, p. 395), in the N. T. everywhere of time, now, already (Latinjam): Matthew 3:10; Matthew 5:28; Matthew 14:15; Mark 4:37; Mark 11:11; Luke 7:6; Luke 12:49; (Luke 24:29 T WH Tr text, L Tr marginal reading brackets); John 4:35(
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ἤδη ,
adv.,
in NT, always of time; now, already: Matthew 3:10, Mark 4:37, Luke 7:6, John 4:36, al.; νῦν . . . ἤ ., now already, 1 John 4:3; ἤ . ποτέ , now at length, c. fut., Romans 1:10 (cf. ἄρτι ).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the idea of ";logical proximity and immediateness"; (cf. Bäumlein Griech. Partikeln, p. 138 ff.) which underlies this word and is perhaps to be seen in 1 Corinthians 6:7 (cf. Ellicott ad l.), we may cite the common use of the adverb in magical incantations, e.g. P Par 574.1245 (iii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 114) ἔξελθε, δαῖμον, . . . καὶ ἀπόστηθι ἀπὸ τοῦ δ (ε)ῖ (να) ἄρτι ἄρτι ἤδη, P Lond 121.873 (iii/A.D.) (= I. p. 96) ἐν [τ ]ῇ ἄρτι ὤρᾳ ἤδη ἤδη ταχὺ ταχύ : see also Deissmann BS, p. 289, Archiv i. p. 426. Other examples of the word are P Fay 109.4 (early i/A.D.) τοὺς τρεῖς στατῆρες (l. –ας) οὓς εἴρηκέ σοι Σέλευκος δῶναί μοι ἤδη δὸς Κλέωνι, ";the three staters which S. told you to give me, now give to C.,"; P Ryl II. 77.46 (A.D. 192) κα [ὶ ] ὀφείλει στεφῆναι, ἤδη γὰρ ἡ ἀρχὴ ἀδιάπτωτός ἐστιν τῇ πόλ (ει), ";and he ought to be crowned, for the office is now secured to the city"; (Edd.). For ἤδη οὖν see P Tebt II. 423.4 (early iii/A.D.) ε ̣̀μ ̣αθον εἰληφότα παρ᾽ Ἀματί [ο ]υ τὸν ἄρακα. ἤδη οὖν ὡς δι [ε ]τάγη χωρησάτω εἰς τὴν Τ ̣βεκλ ̣υ ̣̑τιν ̣ χορτάρακός τε καὶ ἄρακος μ [ο ]ν ̣α ̣χὸς ε ̣ἰς σπέρματα, ";I have learned that you have received the aracus from Amatius. Now therefore, as was ordered, let the grass-aracus and the aracus go alone to Tbeklutis for seed,"; and for ἤδη ποτέ, ";now at length,"; as in Romans 1:10 (";some near day at last,"; SH), Philippians 4:10, see the ostrakon from Thebes of A.D. 192 published in LAE, p. 186 (= Meyer Ostr 57.6) καὶ ἤδη ποτὲ δὸς τῇ ἐμῇ παιδίσκῃ τὰς τοῦ πυ (ροῦ), ";and now at length give my maid the (artabae) of wheat"; : cf. also Epict iii. 24. 9 οὐκ ἀπογαλακτίσομεν ἤδη ποθ᾽ ἑαυτούς;
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