Historical Writings

Pope Honorius III (pope from 1216) crowned Holy Roman Emperor Frederick in St. Peter's, on the promise that Frederick would uphold the rights of the Church, and promote a crusade.

Irish Catholic Cecil Calvert, 27, sent two ships (the Ark and the Dove) from Ireland to establish a colony in America as a refuge for fellow Catholics. His work later earned Lord Calvert the nickname, "Colonizer of Maryland."

Austin College was chartered in Texas at Huntsville under Presbyterian sponsorship. In 1876 the school campus was moved to Sherman, TX.

American lawyer Horatio G. Spafford's four daughters drowned when their passenger ship, while crossing the Atlantic, collided with another and sank. The following month, as his own ship passed over the spot of the earlier tragedy, Spafford penned the words to the enduring hymn, "It is Well With My Soul."

Nurse Dorothy Davis is appointed as a Nazarene missionary to Swaziland. Because of her role in training Swazi nurses, she will become known as "the Mother of Swazi Nurses." She will be honored with the Member of the British Empire award.

Death of Paul William Fleming in a plane crash. He had been a co-founder of New Tribes Mission.

Death of C.S. Lewis, 65, Anglican scholar, novelist and Christian apologist. Well-known for his children's classic, "The Chronicles of Narnia" (1950-56), Lewis also penned other Christian classics, including "The Screwtape Letters" (1943) and "The Great Divorce" (1946).