a German philosopher, was born at Osterode July 28, 1753, entered the University of Kinigsberg in 1771, studied first theology and later mainly metaphysics; in 1779 went to Gottingen; was appointed professor of philosophy at the University in Kinigsberg in 1781, and died there Aug. 25, 1807. His writings were published under the title Vermischte Schriften (Kinigsb. 1808-12, 7 vols. 8vo); etc. -Katholische Real-Encyklopaidie, 6:397.