a German philosopher, was born in 1790 at Hildesheim. In 1813 he was privat docent at Copenhagen, and in 1815 he lectured at Berlin. In 1821 he was appointed professor of philosophy at Bonn; from 1837 to '39 he acted as tutor of king Otto of Greece, and died July 24, 1867, at Bonn. He wrote, Handbuch der Geschichte der griechisch-romischen Philosophie (1835-60): — Geschichte der Entwickelungen der griechischen Philosophie und ihrer Nachwikungen im romischen Reiche (1862-64, 2 volumes): — Mittheilungen uber Griechenland ( 1842, 3 volumes). (B.P.)